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Table 1

Physical parameters of observed objects.

Source ρsource [cm−3 ] Tsource [K] rin [AU] rout [104 AU] age τ [yr] References
q p a b (250 K) (10 K)
R CrA-IRS 5A 7 × 107 0.8 735.5 0.467 10 1.0 6 × 105(1) [1,2]
NGC 1333-IRAS 2A 2 × 1011 1.7 473.4 0.392 36 1.7 ~2 × 104(2) [1]
L1551-IRS 5 3 × 1011 1.8 1440.4 0.521 29 ~1.4 6 × 105(1) [1]
L1544 1.26 × 106 0.0 12.5(3) 0.000 5 × 104(4) [3,4]

Notes. The number density is calculatedusing ρN = qrp in [cm−3 ] with r given in [AU]. The temperature is given by T = arb in [K] with r given in [AU]. The parameter p is taken from the given literature (reference), whereas q, a, and b are calculated from boundary conditions like nin and n(1000 AU), or rin and r(10 K) in the given reference. (1)Average Class I object age.(2)Chemical age of source taken from Brinch et al. (2009); Jørgensen et al. (2004a). (3) The temperature is fixed, i.e., no temperature gradient is assumed (pre-stellar core). (4) Chemical age of source taken from Bizzocchi et al. (2014).

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