Panel a: position-velocity distribution along the spine of filament S242 from the southern to northern end. The dark blue curve and vertical white lines represent the fitted centroid velocity and FWHM velocity width by a single Gaussian, respectively. Panel b: centroid velocity (V_lsr), total 1D velocity dispersion (σ_tot), H₂ column density (), excitation temperature (T_ex), and the fraction intensity of the fitted main velocity components taken in the observed spectra (f_G), distributed along the main skeleton of the filament S242. The vertical black dashed lines indicate the peaks of the H₂ column density profile; the horizontal blue dashed line represents f_G = 1.