Comparison of the orbital positions of known exoplanets with the spatial distribution of grown dust as predicted by our numerical hydrodynamics models. The azimuthally averaged surface density of grown dust is plotted as a function of time using a color map. The scale bar on the top shows Σ_d,gr in log g cm⁻². The orbital positions of known exoplanets¹ are indicated with the blue circles as a function of their mass. The vertical dotted lines delineate the disk region where gas giants can be formed via gravitational fragmentation.