Open Access

Table B.1

Topography of a two-dimensional dataset depending on the eigenvalues of its Hessian matrix ε1 and ε2.

ε1 ε2 Structure
L L No preferred direction
L H− Ridge
L H+ Valley
H− H− Peak (local maximum)
H− H+ Pass (saddle point)
H+ H+ Hole (local minimum)

Notes. The parameter L indicates a low value; H− and H+ indicate a highly negative (respectively positive) value.

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