Main panels: M_500,scal (upper), r_500,scal (middle), (bottom) vs. redshift for the 164 XXL-N c1+c2 G&C with estimates of M_500,scal and r_500,scal. The distribution of the same quantities is shown in the corresponding right panels, where black histograms refer to all G&C in the sample, and grey hatched histograms are for z ≤ 0.6 G&C. In the main panels, the vertical black dashed line corresponds to z = 0.6, the maximum redshift of G&C considered in this work. High-luminosity G&C are marked in red, low-luminosity G&C in green. In the bottom panel, the horizontal red dashed line corresponds to the luminosity used to separate the G&C into two classes (see text for details).