Estimates of relativistic electron and proton energy densities in starburst galactic nuclei from radio measurements

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Table 2

Starburst galaxies: data and results for high-energy activity.

Object	D_L¹	R_SB²	h_SB³	f₅⁴	α⁵	n_e⁶	L_IR⁷	M_SB⁸	χ⁹	κ¹⁰	γ₁¹¹	B¹²	U_p¹³	Notes^a

Arp 220 E	74.7	114⁺	–	0.08	0.70	3000⁺	44.91	9.3	24	48	21000	155	390
Arp 220 W	74.7	70⁺	–	0.10	0.70	3000⁺	45.08	9.1	40	48	15000	230	730
Arp 299-A	43.0	140	200^⋆	0.10	0.60	250	44.88	9.0	8	20	8700	145	365	=IC 694
NGC 253	2.5	180	150	1.80	0.70	100	43.62	7.7	0.3	48	8300	100	235
NGC 3034	3.4	300	200	3.70	0.71	200	43.96	8.1	0.3	51	6600	100	250	=M 82
NGC 3628	7.6	135	200^⋆	.065	0.86	100	43.30	7.3	0.1	120	7600	65	100
NGC 4945	3.7	250	200^⋆	2.25	0.60	300	43.72	7.4	0.1	20	4700	110	270
NGC 5236	3.7	180	200^⋆	0.75	0.80	200	43.45	7.3	0.1	90	5000	105	260	=M 83
NGC 6946	5.5	150	200^⋆	.045	0.74	100	43.51	7.0	0.7	60	4000	65	110

Notes.

⁽¹⁾

Distance, in Mpc (from Ackermann et al. 2012).

^(2,3)

Radius and height of (cylindrical) star-forming region, in pc (⋆: assumed; +: spherical). Data are from Torres (2004) and references therein (Arp 220), Sugai et al. (1999, Arp 299-A), Carral et al. (1994, NGC 253), Völk et al. (1996, NGC 3034), Israel et al. (1990, NGC 3628), Brock et al. (1988, NGC 4945), Calzetti et al. (1999, NGC 5236), Schinnerer et al. (2006, NGC 6946).

^(4,5)

Nonthermal 5 GHz flux density, in Jy, and spectral radio index. Data are from Torres (2004, Arp 220), Bondi et al. (2012, Arp 299-A), Rephaeli et al. (2010) and references therein (NGC 253), Klein et al. (1988) and Carlstrom & Kronberg (1991, NGC 3034), Condon et al. (1982, NGC 3628), Elmouttie et al. (1997, NGC 4945), Sukumar et al. (1987, NGC 5236), Murphy et al. (2011, NGC 6946).

⁽⁶⁾

Thermal electron density, in cm^-3 (⋆: assumed). Data are taken or computed from Yun et al. (2004, Arp 220), Sugai et al. (1999), Zhao et al. (1997, Arp 299-A), Engelbracht et al. (1998, NGC 253), Petuchowski et al. (1994, NGC 3034), Dahlem et al. (1996, NGC 3628), Lipari et al. (1997 and Spoon et al. (2000, NGC 4945), Krabbe et al. (2014, NGC 5236), Engelbracht et al. (1996, NGC 6946).

⁽⁷⁾

Log of the total IR (8−1000 μm) luminosity (erg s^-1; Ackermann et al. 2012; and Charmandaris et al. 2002 for Arp 299-A).

⁽⁸⁾

Log of ISM mass in the SB (in M_⊙). Data are from Torres (2004, Arp 220), Charmandaris et al. (2002, Arp 299-A), Carral et al. (1994) and Domingo-Santamaría & Torres 2005 (NGC 253), Rickard et al. (1977), Rieke et al. (1980), Weiss et al. (2001, NGC 3034), Israel et al. (1990, NGC 3628), Spoon et al. (2000, NGC 4945), Israel & Baas (2001, NGC 5236, NGC 6946).

⁽⁹⁾

Secondary-to-primary electron ratio.

⁽¹⁰⁾

p/e energy density ratio.

⁽¹¹⁾

Electron Lorentz factor at which Coulomb and synchrotron energy losses are equal.

⁽¹²⁾

Equipartition magnetic field, in μG.

⁽¹³⁾

Equipartition CR proton energy density, in eV cm^-3.

^(a)

Arp 220 E and W denote, respectively, the east and west extreme starbursts embedded in Arp 220’s molecular disk (see Torres 2004 and references therein). NGC 4945 hosts a Seyfert-1 nucleus, but its high-energy γ ray emission is dominated by the SBN (Spoon et al. 2000; Lenain et al. 2010).

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