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Fig. 5

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Evolution of the internal temperature T and the chemical imbalance ηnpe for a 1.68 M star built with the EOS BPAL21 and no muons, with the initial condition T = 109 K and null chemical imbalance. The spin-down is assumed to be caused by the magnetic dipole radiation, with dipolar field strengths B = 1011 G (dashed line) and B = 1012 G (solid line) initial period of P0 = 5 ms. The dotted-dashed line indicates the energy gap Δn = 0.05 MeV.

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