Study of the 2024 major Vela glitch at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy

¹ Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía (CCT La Plata, CONICET; CICPBA; UNLP), C.C.5, ( 1894) Villa Elisa, Buenos Aires, Argentina
² Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
³ Facultad de Matemàtica, Astronomía, Física y Computación, UNC. Av. Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP:X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
⁴ Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental, CONICET-UNC, Laprida 854, X5000BGR Córdoba, Argentina
⁵ enter for Computational Relativity and Gravitation, Rochester Institute of Technology, 85 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
⁶ School of Mathematical Sciences, Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
⁷ Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina
⁸ Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden

^⋆ Corresponding author: colsma@rit.edu

Received: 10 February 2025
Accepted: 6 April 2025

Abstract

Context. We report here on new results of the systematic monitoring of southern glitching pulsars at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy. In particular, we study in this work the new major glitch in the Vela pulsar (PSR J0835−4510) that occurred on 2024 April 29.

Aims. We aim to thoroughly characterise the rotational behaviour of the Vela pulsar around its last major glitch and investigate the statistical properties of its individual pulses around the glitch.

Methods. We characterise the rotational behaviour of the pulsar around the glitch through the pulsar timing technique. We measured the glitch parameters by fitting timing residuals to the data collected during the days surrounding the event. In addition, we study Vela individual pulses during the days of observation just before and after the glitch. We selected nine days of observations around the major glitch on 2024 April 29 and studied their statistical properties with the Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) technique. We used Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) reconstruction of the individual pulses to separate them clearly from the noise.

Results. We obtain a precise timing solution for the glitch. We find two recovery terms of ∼3 days and ∼17 days. We find a correlation of high amplitude with narrower pulses while not finding notable qualitative systematic changes before and after the glitch.