A combined LOFAR and XMM-Newton analysis of the disturbed cluster PSZ2G113.91-37.01

¹ INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy
e-mail: giulia.campitiello@inaf.it
² Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Gobetti 92/3, 40121 Bologna, Italy
³ INAF – Istituto di Radio Astronomia, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
⁴ Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
⁵ INFN – Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
⁶ INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁷ INAF – Padova Astronomical Observatory, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
⁸ Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
⁹ Thüringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg, Germany

Received: 4 April 2023
Accepted: 27 September 2023

Abstract

In this work, we investigate the interplay between the X-ray and radio emission of the cluster PSZ2G113.91-37.01 (z = 0.371) using the high-quality XMM-Newton observations of the Cluster HEritage project with XMM-Newton – Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation (CHEX-MATE), and the images from the second data release of the LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey (LoTSS-DR2). The cluster is undergoing a merger along the north-south axis and shows a central radio halo and two radio relics, one in the southern region and one in the northern one. Analysis of the intracluster medium (ICM) distribution revealed the presence of a northern surface brightness (SB) jump associated with the merger event. By extracting spectra across this discontinuity, we classified the edge as a cold front. Furthermore, we made use of upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations that allowed us to perform a spectral analysis of the G113 radio emission. We found evidence for the re-acceleration of particles in the northern relic, and we measured an associated Mach number of ℳ = 1.95 ± 0.01, as inferred from radio observations. We then performed a point-to-point analysis of the X-ray and radio emission, both in the halo and in the northern relic regions. We found a strong correlation for the halo and an anti-correlation for the relic. The former behaviour is in agreement with previous studies. The relic anti-correlation is likely related to the reverse radial distribution of the X-ray (increasing towards the cluster centre) and radio (decreasing towards the cluster centre) emissions. Finally, we performed a point-to-point analysis of the radio emission and the residuals obtained by subtracting a double β model from the X-ray emission. We found a strong correlation between the two quantities. This behaviour suggests the presence of a connection between the process responsible for the radio emission and the one that leaves fluctuations in the X-ray observations.