Comparison of hydrostatic and lensing cluster mass estimates: A pilot study in MACS J0647.7+7015

¹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universitá di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
² Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), C/ Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
³ Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, C/ Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
⁴ Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPSC-IN2P3, 53 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
e-mail: macias@lpsc.in2p3.fr
⁵ Institute of Astrophysics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
⁶ Department of Physics, and Institute for Theoretical and Computational Physics, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
⁷ Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
⁸ IRAP-Roche, 9 avenue du Colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France

Received: 2 January 2021
Accepted: 17 December 2021

Abstract

The detailed characterization of scaling laws relating the observables of a cluster of galaxies to their mass is crucial for obtaining accurate cosmological constraints with clusters. In this paper, we present a comparison between the hydrostatic and lensing mass profiles of the cluster MACS J0647.7+7015 at z = 0.59. The hydrostatic mass profile is obtained from the combination of high resolution NIKA2 thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich and XMM-Newton X-ray observations of the cluster. The lensing mass profile, on the other hand, is obtained from an analysis of the CLASH lensing data based on the lensing convergence map. We find significant variation in the cluster mass estimate depending on the observable, the modeling of the data, and the knowledge of the cluster’s dynamical state. This might lead to significant systematic effects on cluster cosmological analyses for which only a single observable is generally used. From this pilot study, we conclude that the combination of high resolution Sunyaev-Zel’dovich, X-ray, and lensing data could allow us to identify and correct for these systematic effects. This would constitute a very interesting extension of the NIKA2 SZ Large Program.