Issue |
A&A
Volume 657, January 2022
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A90 | |
Number of page(s) | 21 | |
Section | Extragalactic astronomy | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141393 | |
Published online | 18 January 2022 |
Euclid preparation
XIII. Forecasts for galaxy morphology with the Euclid Survey using deep generative models
1
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’astrophysique spatiale, 91405 Orsay, France
e-mail: hubert.bretonniere@universite-paris-saclay.fr
2
Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75013 Paris, France
3
Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
4
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea s/n, 38204 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
5
Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University 61, Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
6
AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
7
Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
8
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy
9
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC); Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
10
Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
11
Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
12
Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
13
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
14
University of Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon, France
15
Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
16
Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
17
Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg – CNRS, UMR 7550, Strasbourg, France
18
European Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
19
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
20
Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
21
SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Landleven 12, 9747 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
22
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
23
Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
24
INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy
25
Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany
26
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
27
INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy
28
INFN-Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
29
Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
30
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy
31
INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
32
Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
33
Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
34
INFN section of Naples, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
35
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Universitá di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy
36
INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
37
Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules, 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cédex 16, France
38
Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France
39
Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
40
European Space Agency/ESRIN, Largo Galileo Galilei 1, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
41
ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
42
Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
43
Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
44
Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
45
Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
46
Department of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
47
INFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
48
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
49
Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
50
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio (OAS), Via Gobetti 93/3, 40127 Bologna, Italy
51
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy
52
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
53
Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
54
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
55
von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH, SchloßPlatz 8, 68723 Schwetzingen, Germany
56
Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
57
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
58
Université de Genève, Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
59
Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
60
NOVA optical infrared instrumentation group at ASTRON, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
61
Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany
62
INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
63
Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
64
Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, 06304 Nice cedex 4, France
65
University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Northwestern Switzerland, School of Engineering, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
66
California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
67
Observatoire de Sauverny, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
68
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
69
Institute of Space Science, Bucharest 077125, Romania
70
Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741 Garching, Germany
71
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “G.Galilei”, Universitá di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
72
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avenida Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
73
Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-018 Lisboa, Portugal
74
Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadoras, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
75
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
76
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy
77
INFN-Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
78
Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
79
INAF-IASF Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
80
Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency, Via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
81
IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34151 Trieste, Italy
82
SISSA, International School for Advanced Studies, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, TS, Italy
83
INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy
84
Dipartimento di Fisica – Sezione di Astronomia, Universitá di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
85
INFN-Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy
86
Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Giuseppe Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
87
INAF, Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
88
INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00100 Roma, Italy
89
School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
90
Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
91
Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
92
Department of Physics, PO Box 64, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
93
Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
94
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
95
Observational Cosmology Lab, Goddard Space Flight Center, MD 20771 and SSAI, Lanham, USA
96
Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
97
Centre de Calcul de l’IN2P3, 21 avenue Pierre de Coubertin, 69627 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
98
Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
99
INFN-Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
100
Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
101
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6 et CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
102
ICC&CEA, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road DH1 3LE, UK
103
INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Via per Arnesano, CP-193, 73100 Lecce, Italy
104
Department of Mathematics and Physics E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, Via per Arnesano, CP-I93, 73100 Lecce, Italy
105
Institute for Computational Science, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
106
Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile
107
Department of Physics, PO Box 35 (YFL), 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
Received:
26
May
2021
Accepted:
21
October
2021
We present a machine learning framework to simulate realistic galaxies for the Euclid Survey, producing more complex and realistic galaxies than the analytical simulations currently used in Euclid. The proposed method combines a control on galaxy shape parameters offered by analytic models with realistic surface brightness distributions learned from real Hubble Space Telescope observations by deep generative models. We simulate a galaxy field of 0.4 deg2 as it will be seen by the Euclid visible imager VIS, and we show that galaxy structural parameters are recovered to an accuracy similar to that for pure analytic Sérsic profiles. Based on these simulations, we estimate that the Euclid Wide Survey (EWS) will be able to resolve the internal morphological structure of galaxies down to a surface brightness of 22.5 mag arcsec−2, and the Euclid Deep Survey (EDS) down to 24.9 mag arcsec−2. This corresponds to approximately 250 million galaxies at the end of the mission and a 50% complete sample for stellar masses above 1010.6 M⊙ (resp. 109.6 M⊙) at a redshift z ∼ 0.5 for the EWS (resp. EDS). The approach presented in this work can contribute to improving the preparation of future high-precision cosmological imaging surveys by allowing simulations to incorporate more realistic galaxies.
Key words: techniques: image processing / surveys / galaxies: structure / galaxies: evolution / cosmology: observations
© Euclid Collaboration 2022
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.