Euclid: Forecast constraints on the cosmic distance duality relation with complementary external probes^⋆

¹ Instituto de Física Téorica UAM-CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
e-mail: matteo.martinelli@uam.es
² Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
³ Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
⁴ Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile
⁵ Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
⁶ Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
⁷ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
⁸ INFN-Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
¹⁰ INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy
¹¹ INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
¹² AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
¹³ Université PSL, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LERMA, 75014, Paris, France
¹⁴ CEICO, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Praha 8, Czech Republic
¹⁵ Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
¹⁶ Université St Joseph; UR EGFEM, Faculty of Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon
¹⁷ Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK
¹⁸ INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy
¹⁹ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
²⁰ Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
²¹ INFN-Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
²² Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
²³ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy
²⁴ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy
²⁵ Institut de Física d’Altes Energies IFAE, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
²⁶ Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
²⁷ INFN section of Naples, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy
²⁸ Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France
²⁹ Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
³⁰ European Space Agency/ESRIN, Largo Galileo Galilei 1, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
³¹ ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
³² Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
³³ Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
³⁴ INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
³⁵ Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio (OAS), Via Gobetti 93/3, 40127 Bologna, Italy
³⁶ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy
³⁷ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126 Bologna, Italy
³⁸ Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany
³⁹ Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
⁴⁰ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
⁴¹ von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH, SchloßPlatz 8, 68723 Schwetzingen, Germany
⁴² Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
⁴³ Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
⁴⁴ Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
⁴⁵ University of Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon, France
⁴⁶ Université de Genève, Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
⁴⁷ Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
⁴⁸ NOVA optical infrared instrumentation group at ASTRON, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991PD Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
⁴⁹ Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany
⁵⁰ Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
⁵¹ Université de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
⁵² LERMA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75014 Paris, France
⁵³ Observatoire de Sauverny, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lau- sanne, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
⁵⁴ INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
⁵⁵ Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
⁵⁶ Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency, Via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
⁵⁷ Institute of Space Science, Bucharest 077125, Romania
⁵⁸ INFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
⁵⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “G.Galilei", Universitá di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
⁶⁰ Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-018 Lisboa, Portugal
⁶¹ Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
⁶² Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadoras, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
⁶³ Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

Received: 31 July 2020
Accepted: 5 October 2020

Abstract

Context. In metric theories of gravity with photon number conservation, the luminosity and angular diameter distances are related via the Etherington relation, also known as the distance duality relation (DDR). A violation of this relation would rule out the standard cosmological paradigm and point to the presence of new physics.

Aims. We quantify the ability of Euclid, in combination with contemporary surveys, to improve the current constraints on deviations from the DDR in the redshift range 0 <  z <  1.6.

Methods. We start with an analysis of the latest available data, improving previously reported constraints by a factor of 2.5. We then present a detailed analysis of simulated Euclid and external data products, using both standard parametric methods (relying on phenomenological descriptions of possible DDR violations) and a machine learning reconstruction using genetic algorithms.

Results. We find that for parametric methods Euclid can (in combination with external probes) improve current constraints by approximately a factor of six, while for non-parametric methods Euclid can improve current constraints by a factor of three.

Conclusions. Our results highlight the importance of surveys like Euclid in accurately testing the pillars of the current cosmological paradigm and constraining physics beyond the standard cosmological model.