Issue |
A&A
Volume 626, June 2019
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A6 | |
Number of page(s) | 13 | |
Section | Interstellar and circumstellar matter | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834365 | |
Published online | 30 May 2019 |
Effects of dust evolution on protoplanetary disks in the mid-infrared
1
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen,
Postbus 800,
9700 AV
Groningen,
The Netherlands
e-mail: greenwood@astro.rug.nl
2
SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research,
PO Box 800,
9700 AV
Groningen,
The Netherlands
3
Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam,
PO Box 94249,
1090 GE
Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
4
SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews,
North Haugh, St. Andrews
KY16 9SS,
UK
5
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics,
Gießenbachstraße 1,
85741
Garching,
Germany
Received:
3
October
2018
Accepted:
25
March
2019
In this paper, we couple the dust evolution code two-pop-py with the thermochemical disk modelling code ProDiMo. We create a series of thermochemical disk models that simulate the evolution of dust over time from 0.018 to 10 Myr, including the radial drift, growth, and settling of dust grains. We examine the effects of this dust evolution on mid-infrared gas emission, focusing on the mid-infrared spectral lines of C2H2, CO2, HCN, NH3, OH, and H2O, which are readily observable with Spitzer and the upcoming E-ELT and JWST. The addition of dust evolution acts to increase line fluxes by reducing the population of small dust grains. We find that the spectral lines of all species except C2H2 respond strongly to dust evolution; line fluxes increase by more than an order of magnitude across the model series as the density of small dust grains decreases over time. The C2H2 line fluxes are extremely low because of a low abundance in the infrared line-emitting regions, even though C2H2 is commonly detected with Spitzer, suggesting that warm chemistry in the inner disk may need further investigation. Finally, we find that the CO2 flux densities increase more rapidly than the other species as the dust disk evolves. This suggests that the flux ratios of CO2 to other species may be lower in disks with less-evolved dust populations.
Key words: astrochemistry / line: formation / molecular processes / astroparticle physics / protoplanetary disks
© ESO 2019
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