Letter to the Editor

Linear radio size evolution of μJy populations

¹ INAF – Istituto di Radioastronomia, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
e-mail: bondi@ira.inaf.it
² INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy
³ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
⁴ Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
⁵ Argelander Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany
⁶ International Max Planck Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne, Bonn, Germany
⁷ National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22903 USA

Received: 14 September 2018
Accepted: 5 October 2018

Abstract

We investigate the linear radio size properties of the μJy populations of radio-selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star-forming galaxies (SFGs) using a multi-resolution catalog based on the original VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz 0.″75 resolution mosaic and its convolved images (up to a resolution of 2.″2). The final catalog contains 6399 radio sources above a 3 GHz total flux density of S_T >  20 μJy (median ⟨S_T⟩=37 μJy), with redshift information (median ⟨z⟩=1.0), and multi-wavelength classification as SFGs, radio-excess AGN (RX-AGN), or non-radio-excess AGN (NRX-AGN). RX-AGN are those whose radio emission exceeds the star formation rate derived by fitting the global spectral energy distribution. We derive the evolution with redshift and luminosity of the median linear sizes of each class of objects. We find that RX-AGN are compact, with median sizes of ∼1–2 kpc and increasing with redshift, corresponding to an almost constant angular size of 0.″25. NRX-AGN typically have radio sizes a factor of 2 larger than the RX-AGN. The median radio size of SFGs is about 5 kpc up to z ∼ 0.7, and it decreases beyond this redshift. Using luminosity-complete subsamples of objects, we separately investigate the effect of redshift and luminosity dependance. We compare the radio sizes of SFGs with those derived in the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) and UV bands. We find that SFGs have comparable sizes (within 15%) in the radio and rest-frame FIR, while the sizes measured in the UV-band are systematically larger than the radio sizes.