Issue |
A&A
Volume 594, October 2016
Planck 2015 results
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A24 | |
Number of page(s) | 19 | |
Section | Cosmology (including clusters of galaxies) | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201525833 | |
Published online | 20 September 2016 |
Planck 2015 results
XXIV. Cosmology from Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster counts
1 APC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
2 Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory and Dept of Radio Science and Engineering, PO Box 13000, 00076 Aalto, Finland
3 African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 6-8 Melrose Road, Muizenberg 7945, Cape Town, South Africa
4 Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Science Data Center, via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
5 Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
6 Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
7 Astrophysics & Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, 4000 South Africa
8 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, ALMA Santiago Central Offices, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, 763 0355 Casilla, Santiago, Chile
9 CGEE, SCS Qd 9, Lote C, Torre C, 4° andar, Ed. Parque Cidade Corporate, CEP 70308-200, Brasília, DF, Brazil
10 CITA, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada
11 CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
12 CRANN, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
13 California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, CA 91125, USA
14 Centre for Theoretical Cosmology, DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
15 Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA), Plaza San Juan 1, planta 2, 44001 Teruel, Spain
16 Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA
17 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
18 DSM/Irfu/SPP, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
19 DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
20 Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
21 Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
22 Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, Avda. Calvo Sotelo s/n, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
23 Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 Saint George Street, 38100 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
24 Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
25 Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
26 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letter, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
27 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
28 Department of Physics, Florida State University, Keen Physics Building, 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
29 Department of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
30 Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, NJ 08544, USA
31 Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, CA 93106, USA
32 Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois, USA
33 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
34 Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
35 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 2, 00133 Roma, Italy
36 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
37 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
38 Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
39 Discovery Center, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, Copenhagen, Denmark
40 Discovery Center, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 17, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
41 European Southern Observatory, ESO Vitacura, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago, Chile
42 European Space Agency, ESAC, Planck Science Office, Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
43 European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
44 Gran Sasso Science Institute, INFN, viale F. Crispi 7, 67100 L’ Aquila, Italy
45 HGSFP and University of Heidelberg, Theoretical Physics Department, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
46 Haverford College Astronomy Department, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
47 Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, University of Helsinki, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
48 INAF–Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, via S. Sofia 78, Catania, Italy
49 INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
50 INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via di Frascati 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
51 INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, 40127 Trieste, Italy
52 INAF/IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
53 INAF/IASF Milano, via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
54 INFN, Sezione di Bologna, via Irnerio 46, 40126, Bologna, Italy
55 INFN, Sezione di Roma 1, Università di Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
56 INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, Università di Roma TorVergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
57 INFN/National Institute for Nuclear Physics, via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
58 IPAG: Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
59 ISDC, Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Ecogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
60 IUCAA, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune University Campus, 411 007 Pune, India
61 Imperial College London, Astrophysics group, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
62 Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
63 Institut Néel, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, 25 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
64 Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Bd Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, France
65 Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât. 121, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
66 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS (UMR7095), 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
67 Institut für Theoretische Teilchenphysik und Kosmologie, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
68 Institute for Space Sciences, Bucharest-Magurale, Romania
69 Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
70 Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway
71 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, C/Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
72 Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
73 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
74 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USA
75 Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
76 Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
77 Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
78 Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia
79 LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91898 Orsay, France
80 LERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, 61 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75000 Paris, France
81 Laboratoire AIM, IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique – CEA/DSM – CNRS – Université Paris Diderot, Bât. 709, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
82 Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l’Information, CNRS (UMR 5141) and Télécom ParisTech, 46 rue Barrault, 75634 Paris Cedex 13, France
83 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 53 rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
84 Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université Paris-Sud 11 & CNRS, Bâtiment 210, 91405 Orsay, France
85 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
86 Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Astro Space Centre, 84/32 Profsoyuznaya st., GS7, 117997 Moscow, Russia
87 Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, Germany
88 McGill Physics, Ernest Rutherford Physics Building, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada
89 National University of Ireland, Department of Experimental Physics, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
90 Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Bartycka 18, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
91 Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
92 Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 17, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
93 Nordita (Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics), Roslagstullsbacken 23, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
94 Optical Science Laboratory, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
95 SISSA, Astrophysics Sector, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
96 SMARTEST Research Centre, Università degli Studi e-Campus, via Isimbardi 10, 22060 Novedrate (CO), Italy
97 School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
98 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
99 Sorbonne Université-UPMC, UMR7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014, Paris, France
100 Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str, 84/32, 117997 Moscow, Russia
101 Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720, USA
102 Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Zelenchukskiy region, 369167 Karachai-Cherkessian Republic, Russia
103 Stanford University, Dept of Physics, Varian Physics Bldg, 382 via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, California, CA 94305-4060, USA
104 Sub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
105 The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
106 Theory Division, PH-TH, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
107 UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR7095, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
108 Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
109 University Observatory, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
110 University of Granada, Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias, 81679 Granada, Spain
111 University of Granada, Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Granada, Spain
112 Warsaw University Observatory, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
⋆
Corresponding authors: A. Bonaldi, e-mail: anna.bonaldi@manchester.ac.uk; M. Roman, e-mail: matthieu.roman@apc.univ-paris7.fr
Received: 6 February 2015
Accepted: 14 June 2016
We present cluster counts and corresponding cosmological constraints from the Planck full mission data set. Our catalogue consists of 439 clusters detected via their Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) signal down to a signal-to-noise ratio of 6, and is more than a factor of 2 larger than the 2013 Planck cluster cosmology sample. The counts are consistent with those from 2013 and yield compatible constraints under the same modelling assumptions. Taking advantage of the larger catalogue, we extend our analysis to the two-dimensional distribution in redshift and signal-to-noise. We use mass estimates from two recent studies of gravitational lensing of background galaxies by Planck clusters to provide priors on the hydrostatic bias parameter, (1−b). In addition, we use lensing of cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations by Planck clusters as an independent constraint on this parameter. These various calibrations imply constraints on the present-day amplitude of matter fluctuations in varying degrees of tension with those from the Planck analysis of primary fluctuations in the CMB; for the lowest estimated values of (1−b) the tension is mild, only a little over one standard deviation, while it remains substantial (3.7σ) for the largest estimated value. We also examine constraints on extensions to the base flat ΛCDM model by combining the cluster and CMB constraints. The combination appears to favour non-minimal neutrino masses, but this possibility does little to relieve the overall tension because it simultaneously lowers the implied value of the Hubble parameter, thereby exacerbating the discrepancy with most current astrophysical estimates. Improving the precision of cluster mass calibrations from the current 10%-level to 1% would significantly strengthen these combined analyses and provide a stringent test of the base ΛCDM model.
Key words: cosmological parameters / large-scale structure of Universe
© ESO, 2016
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