An ALMA survey for disks orbiting low-mass stars in the TW Hya Association

¹ Departamento de AstronomíaUniversidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile
e-mail: drodrigu@das.uchile.cl
² Millennium Nucleus Protoplanetary Disks, Chile
³ Center for Imaging Science, School of Physics & Astronomy, and Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology, 54 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, USA
⁵ Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
⁶ Imperial College London, 1010 Blackett Lab., Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
⁷ Núcleo de Astronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile

Received: 22 July 2015
Accepted: 14 September 2015

Abstract

We carried out an ALMA survey of 15 confirmed or candidate low-mass (<0.2 M_⊙) members of the TW Hya Association (TWA) with the goal of detecting molecular gas in the form of CO emission, as well as of providing constraints on continuum emission due to cold dust. Our targets have spectral types of M4-L0 and hence represent the extreme low end of the TWA’s mass function. Our ALMA survey has yielded detections of 1.3 mm continuum emission around 4 systems (TWA 30B, 32, 33, and 34), suggesting the presence of cold dust grains. All continuum sources are unresolved. TWA 34 further shows ¹²CO(2–1) emission whose velocity structure is indicative of Keplerian rotation. Among the sample of known ~7–10 Myr-old star/disk systems, TWA 34, which lies just ~50 pc from Earth, is the lowest mass star thus far identified as harboring cold molecular gas in an orbiting disk.