Issue |
A&A
Volume 524, December 2010
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A31 | |
Number of page(s) | 23 | |
Section | Astrophysical processes | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015284 | |
Published online | 22 November 2010 |
Blazar synchrotron emission of instantaneously power-law injected electrons under linear synchrotron, non-linear SSC, and combined synchrotron-SSC cooling⋆
Institut für Theoretische Physik, Lehrstuhl IV: Weltraum- und Astrophysik,
Ruhr-Universität Bochum,
44780
Bochum,
Germany
e-mail: mz@tp4.rub.de
Received:
25
June
2010
Accepted:
12
August
2010
Context. The broadband spectral energy distributions (SED) of blazars show two distinct components which in leptonic models are associated with synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission of highly relativistic electrons. In some sources the SSC component dominates the synchrotron peak by one or more orders of magnitude implying that the electrons mainly cool by inverse Compton collisions with their self-made synchrotron photons. Therefore, the linear synchrotron loss of electrons, which is normally invoked in emission models, has to be replaced by a nonlinear loss rate depending on an energy integral of the electron distribution. This modified electron cooling changes significantly the emerging radiation spectra.
Aims. It is the purpose of this work to apply this new cooling scenario to relativistic power-law distributed electrons, which are injected instantaneously into the jet.
Methods. We assume a spherical, uniform, nonthermal source, where the distribution of the electrons is spatially and temporally isotropic throughout the source. We will first solve the differential equation of the volume-averaged differential number density of the electrons, and then discuss their temporal evolution. Since any non-linear cooling will turn into linear cooling after some time, we also calculated the electron number density for a combined cooling scenario consisting of both the linear and non-linear cooling. For all cases, we will also calculate analytically the emerging optically thin time-integrated synchrotron intensity spectrum, also named the fluence, and compare it to a numerical solution.
Results. The first result is that the combined cooling scenario depends critically on the value of the injection parameter α0. For values α0 ≪ 1 the electrons cool mainly linear, while in the opposite case the cooling begins non-linear and becomes linear for later times. Secondly, in all cased we find that for small normalized frequencies f < 1 the fluence spectra F(f) exhibit power-laws with constant spectral indices F(f) ~ f − ϑ. We find for purely linear cooling ϑSYN = 1/2, and for purely non-linear cooling ϑSSC = 3/2. In the combined cooling scenario we obtain for the small injection parameter ϑ1 = 1/2, and for the large injection parameter ϑ2 = 3/2, which becomes ϑ1 = 1/2 for very small frequencies. These identical behaviors, as compared to the existing calculations for monoenergetically injected electrons, prove that the spectral behavior of the total synchrotron fluence is independent from the functional form of the energy injection spectrum.
Key words: radiation mechanisms: non-thermal / galaxies: active / gamma rays: galaxies
Appendices are only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
© ESO, 2010
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.