Issue |
A&A
Volume 438, Number 2, August I 2005
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 585 - 598 | |
Section | Interstellar and circumstellar matter | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20052724 | |
Published online | 08 July 2005 |
Interstellar deuterated ammonia: from NH3 to ND3
1
Laboratoire Univers et Théorie, UMR 8102 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, Place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France e-mail: evelyne.roueff@obspm.fr
2
Downs Laboratory of Physics 320-47, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
3
Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
4
Laboratoire d'Étude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique, UMR 8112 du CNRS, Observatoire de Paris and École Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
5
Department of Astronomy and National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Received:
18
January
2005
Accepted:
4
April
2005
We use spectra and maps of NH2D, ND2H, and ND3, obtained with
the CSO, IRAM 30 m and Arecibo telescopes, to study
deuteration processes in dense cores.
The data include the first detection of the hyperfine structure in
ND2H. The emission of NH2D and ND3 does not seem to peak at
the positions of the embedded protostars, but instead at offset
positions, where outflow interactions may occur.
A constant ammonia fractionation ratio in star-forming regions is
generally assumed to be consistent with an origin on dust grains.
However, in the pre-stellar cores studied here, the fractionation
varies significantly when going from NH3 to ND3. We present a
steady state model of the gas-phase chemistry for these sources,
which includes passive depletion onto dust grains and multiply
saturated deuterated species up to five deuterium atoms (e.g.
CD). The observed column density ratios of all four ammonia
isotopologues are reproduced within a factor of 3 for a gas
temperature of 10 K. We also predict that deuterium fractionation
remains significant at temperatures up to about 20 K. ND and NHD,
which have rotational transitions in the submillimeter domain are
predicted to be abundant.
Key words: ISM: molecules / molecular processes / stars: circumstellar matter / stars: formation
© ESO, 2005
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