Free Access
Issue
A&A
Volume 549, January 2013
Article Number A53
Number of page(s) 28
Section Interstellar and circumstellar matter
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201219526
Published online 18 December 2012

Online material

Appendix A: CO spectra towards the IRDCs

thumbnail Fig. A.1

The mean 13CO spectra of the IRDCs of our sample. The spectra have been averaged over the AV > 7 mag box (see Sect. 3.2 for the detailed definition). The dotted vertical lines indicate the velocity interval chosen to represent the cloud. The red line shows a fit of a Gaussian to this velocity interval. The blue line shows another Gaussian fit, performed over the interval vpeak − 1.5σ,vpeak = 1.5σ where σ is the dispersion from the first Gaussian fit. The dispersions are shown in the panels. The third dispersion value, σd gives the standard deviation of the data within the chosen velocity interval.

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thumbnail Fig. A.2

The same as Fig. A.1, but the spectra have been averaged over the Simon et al. (2006) ellipsoids (see Sect.3.2 for the detailed definition).

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thumbnail Fig. B.1

High-dynamic-range column density map of the cloud A, derived using a combination of MIR and NIR data. The green circle shows the largest ellipse from the Simon et al. (2006) catalog in the region. The white box outlines the region which was used alongside with the AV = 7 mag contour to define the region that is included in the analyses presented in Sect. 4. The contours are drawn at AV =  [7,40]  mag. The scale bar shows the physical scale assuming the distance as given in Table 1.

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thumbnail Fig. B.2

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud B.

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thumbnail Fig. B.3

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud C.

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thumbnail Fig. B.4

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud D. The rectangular empty area results from missing NIR data.

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thumbnail Fig. B.5

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud E.

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thumbnail Fig. B.6

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud F. The areas of missing data (marked with zeros) result from strong MIR nebulosity that hinders the MIR mapping technique.

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thumbnail Fig. B.7

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud G.

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thumbnail Fig. B.8

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud H.

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thumbnail Fig. B.9

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud I. The areas of missing data (marked with zeros) result from strong MIR nebulosity that hinders the MIR mapping technique.

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thumbnail Fig. B.10

Same as Fig. B.1, but for the cloud J. The areas of missing data (marked with zeros) result from strong MIR nebulosity that hinders the MIR mapping technique.

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Appendix C: Response of the technique to changes of the opacity-law

thumbnail Fig. C.1

Response of the column densities derived using the combined NIR+MIR technique to the adopted NIR-to-MIR opacity-law. The curves show the ratio of column densities derived with alternative opacity-laws () to the one adopted in this paper (). The curves were calculated by keeping the NIR opacity fixed and by changing the relative MIR opacity. The solid blue, green, and red curves show the case in which the true opacity-law is 15%, 30%, and 60% higher than the adopted value (). The dashed curves show the corresponding curves for the cases in which the ratio is lower. At AV ≲ 10 mag the technique relies dominantly on the NIR data, and therefore the changes in MIR opacity do not greatly affect the column density. The large-scale background component that is filtered out by the MIR data (and assumed to be recovered by the NIR data) has its maximum at AV = 10−20 mag. Thus, at that range there is a transition from NIR-dominated to MIR-dominated regime. Finally at AV ≳ 20 mag the large-scale column density component starts to be small compared to the total column density, and thus the ratio approaches the value by which the original opacity law was modified (i.e., factors 1.15, 1.3, and 1.6). At extinctions lower than the 10 mag threshold value, there is a small bias in the extinctions. It is caused by the fact that the background correction value (see Sect. 3.1) for some pixels can result from interpolation from neighboring pixels instead of from the difference of the NIR and MIR extinctions. The pixels for which this interpolation is performed are not necessarily the same in the cases where n = 1 and n ≠ 1.

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© ESO, 2012

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