Upper panel: 2–60 keV ratio between the data and a simple power-law model for the Mrk 509 X-ray data taken during this campaign (see Table 1), expressed in units of standard deviations. Here, for clarity purposes, the data have been strongly rebinned (each data point has a 25σ significance). Lower panel: 2–12 keV spectrum of Mrk 509 observed by XRISM/Resolve. The orange line represents the best fit using a simple power-law model. In this case, the Resolve data have also been rebinned (each data point here has a significance of 15σ) for visual clarity.