Information content of JWST transmission spectroscopy of the exoplanet HAT-P-12b from the optical to the mid-infrared

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Volume 710 (June 2026)

A&A, 710 (2026) A305

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Table C.1

Retrieved molecular abundances for all possible combinations of JWST instruments.

Instruments	log(X_H₂O)	log(X_CH₄)	log(X_CO₂)	log(X_CO)	log(X_SO₂)	log(X_H₂S)	log(X_NH₃)	log(X_HCN)
NIRISS	$- {0.83}_{- 0.25}^{+ 0.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.83_{-0.25}^{+0.23}$$	< −5.26	< −3.49	< −2.40	< −3.31	< −3.16	< −4.16	< −3.54
NIRSpec	< −2.60	< −6.28	${0.92}_{- 0.15}^{+ 0.16}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.92_{-0.15}^{+0.16}$$	< −2.40	< −6.68	$- {3.12}_{- 0.53}^{+ 0.43}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.12_{-0.53}^{+0.43}$$	< −5.10	< −6.01
MIRI	$- {2.26}_{- 0.79}^{+ 0.69}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.26_{-0.79}^{+0.69}$$	< −5.99	< −5.23	< −1.70	< −6.58	< −4.29	< −7.06	< −3.72

NIRISS+ NIRSpec	$- {1.82}_{- 0.44}^{+ 0.38}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.82_{-0.44}^{+0.38}$$	< −6.33	$- {3.65}_{- 0.53}^{+ 0.50}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.65_{-0.53}^{+0.50}$$	$- {2.61}_{- 0.55}^{+ 0.51}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.61_{-0.55}^{+0.51}$$	< −6.73	$- {2.58}_{- 0.34}^{+ 0.32}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.58_{-0.34}^{+0.32}$$	< −6.57	< −6.78
NIRISS+ MIRI	$- {1.71}_{- 0.39}^{+ 0.39}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.71_{-0.39}^{+0.39}$$	< −5.71	< −4.47	< −2.32	< −6.15	< −4.16	< −6.92	< −3.79
NIRSpec+ MIRI	$- {1.83}_{- 0.30}^{+ 0.27}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.83_{-0.30}^{+0.27}$$	< −5.68	$- {3.79}_{- 0.41}^{+ 0.42}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.79_{-0.41}^{+0.42}$$	$- {2.74}_{- 0.49}^{+ 0.48}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.74_{-0.49}^{+0.48}$$	< −7.13	$- {2.30}_{- 0.28}^{+ 0.26}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.30_{-0.28}^{+0.26}$$	< −7.37	< −6.46

NIRISS+ NIRSpec+ MIRI	$- {1.93}_{- 0.32}^{+ 0.30}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.93_{-0.32}^{+0.30}$$	< −6.27	$- {3.97}_{- 0.38}^{+ 0.39}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.97_{-0.38}^{+0.39}$$	$- {2.57}_{- 0.41}^{+ 0.38}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.57_{-0.41}^{+0.38}$$	< −6.91	$- {2.64}_{- 0.28}^{+ 0.27}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.64_{-0.28}^{+0.27}$$	< −7.58	< −6.85

Notes. Median values with asymmetric 1σ uncertainties are given for cases where a constrained marginal posterior abundance was obtained; otherwise, the upper 95th percentile limit is reported.

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