Four ages of rotating stars in the rotation–activity relationship and gyrochronology

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Table 5.

Information of clusters used in this study and results of the comparison.

Open Cluster	Age	Rotation Period	T_eff,ZAIS	P_ZAIS	T_eff,CI	P_CI
	(Myr)	Reference	(K)	(day)	(K)	(day)
ρ Oph.&Upper Sco.	5±3	Rebull et al. (2018)	–	–	–	–
α Persei	85±20	Boyle & Bouma (2023)	$5900_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $5900^{+250}_{-250}$	$2 . 91_{- 0.49}^{+ 0.60}$ $2.91^{+0.60}_{-0.49}$	5940	$2 . 93_{- 1.18}^{+ 1.18}$ $2.93^{+1.18}_{-1.18}$
Pleiades	125±30	Rebull et al. (2016)	$5940_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $5940^{+250}_{-250}$	$2 . 55_{- 0.44}^{+ 0.61}$ $2.55^{+0.61}_{-0.44}$	5741	$3 . 04_{- 0.89}^{+ 0.89}$ $3.04^{+0.89}_{-0.89}$
M34	220±30	Meibom et al. (2011)	$5650_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $5650^{+250}_{-250}$	$4 . 90_{- 0.70}^{+ 0.58}$ $4.90^{+0.58}_{-0.70}$	5485	$5 . 43_{- 0.53}^{+ 0.53}$ $5.43^{+0.53}_{-0.53}$
NGC 3532	300±50	Fritzewski et al. (2021)	$5450_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $5450^{+250}_{-250}$	$6 . 34_{- 0.63}^{+ 0.55}$ $6.34^{+0.55}_{-0.63}$	5286	$7 . 15_{- 0.74}^{+ 0.74}$ $7.15^{+0.74}_{-0.74}$
NGC 2548 (M48)	450±50	Healy et al. (2023)	$5300_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $5300^{+250}_{-250}$	$7 . 71_{- 0.49}^{+ 0.51}$ $7.71^{+0.51}_{-0.49}$	4936	$9 . 06_{- 2.88}^{+ 2.88}$ $9.06^{+2.88}_{-2.88}$
Praesepe	700±50	Douglas et al. (2019)	$4500_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $4500^{+250}_{-250}$	$11 . 65_{- 1.01}^{+ 1.10}$ $11.65^{+1.10}_{-1.01}$	4528	$12 . 03_{- 0.86}^{+ 0.86}$ $12.03^{+0.86}_{-0.86}$
Hyades	750±50	Douglas et al. (2019)	$4450_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $4450^{+250}_{-250}$	$12 . 03_{- 1.00}^{+ 1.05}$ $12.03^{+1.05}_{-1.00}$	4481	$11 . 44_{- 0.44}^{+ 0.44}$ $11.44^{+0.44}_{-0.44}$
NGC 6811	1000±100	Curtis et al. (2019)	$4350_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $4350^{+250}_{-250}$	$12 . 80_{- 0.99}^{+ 0.96}$ $12.80^{+0.96}_{-0.99}$	4341	$12 . 97_{- 1.52}^{+ 1.52}$ $12.97^{+1.52}_{-1.52}$
Ruprecht 147&NGC 6819	2500±200	Curtis et al. (2020)	$3900_{- 250}^{+ 250}$ $3900^{+250}_{-250}$	$18 . 73_{- 2.55}^{+ 2.55}$ $18.73^{+2.55}_{-2.55}$	3840	$21 . 83_{- 1.98}^{+ 1.98}$ $21.83^{+1.98}_{-1.98}$

Notes. The parameters T_eff,ZAIS and P_ZAIS represents the effective temperature and rotation period of the crossing point between the slowly rotating sequence and the ZAIS line, respectively (the red five-point stars in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14). The parameters T_eff,CI and P_CI represents the effective temperature and rotation period of the convergent points between the slowly rotating sequence and the semi-empirical evolution tracks of the C sequence of gyrochronology, respectively (the green five-point stars in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14). The rotation periods of α Persei are from the table of Boyle & Bouma (2023) whose quality flag “Manual = g”. The rotation periods of Ruprecht 147 are from the table of Curtis et al. (2020) whose quality flag “ benchmark = Yes or Yes-Rapid Outlier”.

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