Posterior distributions of β and 𝒟_resid. Top left: Using only NVSS and CatWISE. Top right: Using only RACS-low and CatWISE. Bottom left: With higher flux density cuts applied, 20 mJy for NVSS and RACS-low, and 0.09 mJy (W1 < 16.4) for CatWISE. Bottom right: With sources at z < 0.1 in 2MRS removed from all catalogues. The 1,2, and 3σ uncertainties are indicated by the black contours. The dotted line indicates the maximum posterior values for these parameters. The canonical CMB velocity of β = 1.23 × 10⁻³ is indicated by the dotted red line, the red dot indicating the kinematic dipole expected in the standard cosmology, assuming a negligible structure dipole (𝒟_resid ≈ 0)