1.4 GHz LF for SFGs for different redshift bins (black solid lines) predicted by SEMPER adopting the Delvecchio et al. (2021) relation. Dot-dashed lines show how our model would change when considering the SMFs derived by W23 with a Double Schechter form. Eq. (11) is applied only for the first redshift bin. Data are from Novak et al. (2017), Enia et al. (2022), and van der Vlugt et al. (2022, 2023). Enia et al. (2022) and van der Vlugt et al. (2023) data include the contribution of ‘dark’ sources. The cyan lines and shaded areas are the predictions from the T-RECS simulation by Bonaldi et al. (2019, 2023) and the respective 1σ uncertainties. Note that data from Enia et al. (2022) spans redshift bins not matching the ones adopted by our model and shown in each panel’s legend.