Cumulative distributions (a) and histograms (b) of sample model runs. An implantation factor of f_impl = 2 × 10⁻³ has been applied, after which the simulated distributions can be compared to the P48 population (black). In (b) the low number of bodies (and large Poisson error bars) illustrate why the fits tend to be rather insensitive to the specifics at the high-mass end of the distribution. Runs featuring small τ_s are associated with high σ due to the degeneracy between these quantities (see Table 3). Runs with small τ_s are disfavored, however, as pebble accretion operates too slowly.