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Fig. 11

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Collision outcomes from simulations of two young 3 MJ clumps. Such clumps are very extended and have low densities. Therefore, their gravitational binding energy is very low and impacts result in either erosion or disruption. PM or dynamic collapse are not observed. Additional simulations at impact velocities below the mutual escape velocity (dashed red line) show that head-on or very grazing (b ~ 0.7) impacts with υimp/υesc ≥ 0.8–0.9 corresponding to 1.36 km s−1 to 1.54 km s−1 still lead to erosion. Only intermediate impact parameters result in PM (see discussion in Section 3.6).

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