Comparison of molecular gas fraction against SFR of AGN (red) and non-active galaxies (blue) from observations and simulations. SUPER ALMA targets are shown as red circles, KASHz AGN as red pentagons, and observed non-active galaxies as blue squares. Blue downward triangles and red upward triangles show the median and 16th–84th percentiles of non-active galaxies and AGN in the simulations, respectively, grouped in SFR bins of 0.3 dex. Hexagons show the distribution of simulated AGN and are color-coded based on the mean stellar mass of the host galaxies in each bin. Observed molecular gas fractions are computed assuming α_CO = 3.6 M_⊙ (K km s⁻¹ pc²)⁻¹. Galaxies in the simulations are filtered to match the observed properties of the observed galaxies. The black arrow marks the downward shift for α_CO = 0.8 M_⊙ (K km s⁻¹ pc²)⁻¹.