Unveiling the internal structure and formation history of the three planets transiting HIP 29442 (TOI-469) with CHEOPS

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Table 5

Atmospheric loss rates predicted for planets HIP 29442 b, HIP 29442 c and HIP 29442 d by CHAIN.

Planet	Model*	X-ray+EUV (erg/s/cm²)	escape rate (10³³/s)	mass loss rate (10⁹g/s)
b	H/He	703.6	2.21	4.80
b	H₂O	703.6	0.43	2.01
c	H/He	4250	13.95	30.27
c	H₂O	4250	0.40	4.66
d	H/He	1917	0.66	1.43
d	H₂O	1917	0.023	0.27

Notes. *H/He – hydrogen-helium atmospheres; H₂O – atmospheres with large water fraction (model A1). The Si/Mg/Fe ratio is set to stellar values in both cases.

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