Probing atmospheric escape through metastable He I triplet lines in 15 exoplanets observed with SPIRou

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Volume 688 (August 2024)

A&A, 688 (2024) A179

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Table 2

Host star properties used in this study

Host star		55 Cnc		AU Mic		GJ 436		GJ 486
M_*	[M_⊙]	0.905 ± 0.015	(B18a)	0.50 ± 0.03	(Pl20)	0.445 ± 0.018	(M22)	0.323 ± 0.015	(T21)
R_*	[R_⊙]	0.943 ± 0.010	(B18a)	0.75 ± 0.03	(W19)	0.425 ± 0.006	(M22)	0.328 ± 0.011	(T21)
Ks	[m/s]	${6.02}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.24}$ $\[6.02_{-0.23}^{+0.24}\]$	(B18a)	5.8 ± 2.5	(Z22)	17.38 ± 0.17	(T18)	${3.370}_{- 0.080}^{+ 0.078}$ $\[3.370_{-0.080}^{+0.078}\]$	(T21)
ν_sys	[km/s]	27.19 ± 0.12	(GDR3)	−6.90 ± 0.37	(GDR3)	8.87 ± 0.16	(GDR3)	19.20 ± 0.17	(GDR3)
υ.sin(i)	[km/s]	1.7 ± 0.5	(B16)	7.8 ± 0.3	(K21)	( ${293.5}_{- 52.2}^{+ 43.7}$ $\[293.5_{-52.2}^{+43.7}\]$ ).10⁻³	(B22)	≤ 0.128	(T21)
c1		0.544 ± 0.008	(B18a)	${0.17}_{- 0.12}^{+ 0.22}$ $\[0.17_{-0.12}^{+0.22}\]$	(Pl20)	0.151	(EXO)	0.169	(EXO)
c2		0.186 ± 0.004	(B18a)	${0.15}_{- 0.21}^{+ 0.27}$ $\[0.15_{-0.21}^{+0.27}\]$	(Pl20)	0.431	(EXO)	0.424	(EXO)
Teff	[K]	5172 ± 18	(B18a)	3700 ± 100	(P9)	3505 ± 51	(S19)	3340 ± 54	(T21)
log(g)	[cgs]	4.43 ± 0.02	(B18a)	4.39 ± 0.03	(Z22)	4.91 ± 0.07	(S19)	4.92 ± 0.03	(T21)
[Fe/H]		0.35 ± 0.1	(B18a)	−0.12	(G14)	−0.04 ± 0.16	(S19)	0.070 ± 0.160	(T21)
Host star		GJ 1214		GJ 3470		HAT-P-11		HD 189733
M_*	[M_⊙]	0.178 ± 0.010	(C21)	0.476 ± 0.019	(Pa20)	0.802 ± 0.028	(A18)	0.846 ± 0.049	(B15)
R_*	[R_⊙]	0.215 ± 0.008	(C21)	0.474 ± 0.014	(Pa20)	0.683 ± 0.009	(D11)	0.805 ± 0.016	(B15)
Ks	[m/s]	14.36 ± 0.53	(C21)	8.9 ± 1.1	(D13)	12.01 ± 1.38	(A18)	208 ± 6	(A19)
υ_sys	[km/s]	20.91 ± 0.65	(GDR3)	25.95 ± 0.25	(GDR3)	−63.46 ± 0.13	(GDR3)	−2.53 ± 0.12	(GDR3)
υ.sin(i)	[km/s]	~0.084	(M18)	~2	(Pa20)	~1.5	(Y18)	3.5 ± 1.0	(B17)
c1		−0.0210 ± 0.0052	(C21)	0.033 ± 0.015	(D13)	0.267	(A18)	0.2248	(A23)
c2		0.1852 ± 0.0050	(C21)	0.181 ± 0.010	(D13)	0.265	(A18)	0.2795	(A23)
Teff	[K]	3250 ± 100	(C21)	3725 ± 54	(Pa20)	4780 ± 50	(B10)	4875 ± 43	(B15)
log(g)	[cgs]	5.026 ± 0.040	(C21)	4.65 ± 0.06	(Pa20)	4.59 ± 0.03	(B10)	4.56 ± 0.03	(B15)
[Fe/H]		0.29 ± 0.12	(C21)	0.420 ± 0.019	(Pa20)	0.31 ± 0.05	(B10)	−0.03 ± 0.08	(B15)
Host star		HD 209458		K2-25		TOI-1807		WASP-69
M_*	[M_⊙]	1.119 ± 0.033	(B17)	0.2634 ± 0.0077	(T20)	0.76 ± 0.03	(N22)	0.826 ± 0.029	(A14)
R_*	[R_⊙]	${1.155}_{- 0.016}^{+ 0.014}$ $\[1.155_{-0.016}^{+0.014}\]$	(B17)	0.2932 ± 0.0093	(T20)	0.690 ± 0.036	(N22)	0.813 ± 0.028	(A14)
Ks	[m/s]	${84.27}_{- 0.70}^{+ 0.69}$ $\[84.27_{-0.70}^{+0.69}\]$	(B17)	${27.9}_{- 6.0}^{+ 6.5}$ $\[27.9_{-6.0}^{+6.5}\]$	(St20)	${2.39}_{- 0.46}^{+ 0.45}$ $\[2.39_{-0.46}^{+0.45}\]$	(N22)	38.1 ± 2.4	(A14)
υ_sys	[km/s]	−14.78 ± 0.16	(GDR3)	42.92 ± 4.11	(GDR3)	−7.14 ± 0.15	(GDR3)	−9.83 ± 0.13	(GDR3)
υ.sin(i)	[km/s]	4.49 ± 0.50	(B17)	8.8 ± 0.6	(St20)	4.2 ± 0.5	(N22)	2.2 ± 0.4	(A14)
c1		0.212	(EXO)	0.179	(EXO)	0.46 ± 0.05	(N22)	0.394	(EXO)
c2		0.290	(EXO)	0.420	(EXO)	0.17 ± 0.05	(N22)	0.197	(EXO)
Teff	[K]	6065 ± 50	(B17)	3207 ± 58	(T20)	4730 ± 75	(N22)	4715 ± 50	(A14)
log(g)	[cgs]	4.45 ± 0.02	(S17)	4.944 ± 0.031	(St20)	4.55 ± 0.05	(N22)	4.535 ± 0.023	(A14)
[Fe/H]		0.00 ± 0.05	(B17)	0.15 ± 0.03	(St20)	−0.04 ± 0.02	(N22)	0.144 ± 0.077	(A14)
Host star		WASP-76		WASP-80		WASP-127
M_*	[M_⊙]	1.458 ± 0.021	(E20)	${0.577}_{- 0.054}^{+ 0.051}$ $\[0.577_{-0.054}^{+0.051}\]$	(T15)	1.08 ± 0.03	(L17)
R_*	[R_⊙]	1.756 ± 0.071	(E20)	${0.586}_{- 0.018}^{+ 0.017}$ $\[0.586_{-0.018}^{+0.017}\]$	(T15)	1.39 ± 0.03	(L17)
Ks	[m/s]	${116.02}_{- 1.35}^{+ 1.29}$ $\[116.02_{-1.35}^{+1.29}\]$	(E20)	${109.0}_{- 4.4}^{+ 3.1}$ $\[109.0_{-4.4}^{+3.1}\]$	(T15)	$22_{- 2}^{+ 3}$ $\[22_{-2}^{+3}\]$	(L17)
υ_sys	[km/s]	−0.79 ± 0.25	(GDR3)	9.91 ± 0.31	(GDR3)	−8.97 ± 0.16	(GDR3)
υ.sin(i)	[km/s]	1.48 ± 0.28	(E20)	${1.27}_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.14}$ $\[1.27_{-0.17}^{+0.14}\]$	(T15)	0.3 ± 0.2	(L17)
c1		0.190	(EXO)	0.298	(EXO)	0.256	(EXO)
c2		0.305	(EXO)	0.282	(EXO)	0.266	(EXO)
Teff	[K]	6329 ± 65	(E20)	$4143_{- 94}^{+ 92}$ $\[4143_{-94}^{+92}\]$	(T15)	5620 ± 85	(L17)
log(g)	[cgs]	4.196 ± 0.106	(E20)	${4.663}_{- 0.016}^{+ 0.015}$ $\[4.663_{-0.016}^{+0.015}\]$	(T15)	4.18 ± 0.01	(L17)
[Fe/H]		0.366 ± 0.053	(E20)	$- {0.13}_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.15}$ $\[-0.13_{-0.17}^{+0.15}\]$	(T15)	−0.18 ± 0.06	(L17)

Notes. “M_*” is the stellar mass, “R_*” the stellar radius, “Ks” the semi-amplitude of the motion-reflex radial-velocity induced by the planet, “υ_sys” the systemic radial velocity, and “υ sin(i)” the stellar rotational velocity. “c1, c2” are the quadratic limb darkening coefficients, “Teff” is the effective temperature, “log(g)” the decimal logarithm of surface gravity (directly computed from M_* and R_*), and [Fe/H] the metallicity with respect to solar value.

References. A14: Anderson et al. (2014); A18: Allart et al. (2018); A19: Addison et al. (2019); A23: Allart et al. (2023); B10: Bakos et al. (2010); B15: Boyajian et al. (2015); B16: Brewer et al. (2016); B17: Bonomo et al. (2017); B18a: Bourrier et al. (2018a); B18c: Bourrier et al. (2018c); B22: Bourrier et al. (2022); C21: Cloutier et al. (2021); D11: Deming et al. (2011); D13: Demory et al. (2013); E20: Ehrenreich et al. (2020); (EXO): EXOFAST², code from Eastman et al. (2013), we used channel SDSS z’ as it is the closest to the He triplet lines wavelength; GDR3: Gaia DR3 (Babusiaux et al. 2023); G14: Gaidos et al. (2014); K21: Klein et al. (2021); L17: Lam et al. (2017); M18: Mallonn et al. (2018), M22: Maxted et al. (2022); N22: Nardiello et al. (2022); P9: Plavchan et al. (2009); Pl20: Plavchan et al. (2020); Pa20: Palle et al. (2020a); S17: Stassun et al. (2017); S19: Schweitzer et al. (2019); St20: Stefansson et al. (2020); T8: Torres et al. (2008); T15: Triaud et al. (2015); T18: Trifonov et al. (2018); T20: Thao et al. (2020); T21: Trifonov et al. (2021); W19: White et al. (2019); Y18: Yee et al. (2018); Z22: Zicher et al. (2022).

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