Original image from the Stein (2012) simulation (first panel) together with the image after diffraction when observed with SST/CRISP at 8542 Å (second panel). The third panel displays the spatially variant convolution with a region of defocus computed using per-pixel convolution, with the fourth panel showing the results obtained with the neural SVCE. The last panel displays the residuals, with an NMSE of 1.6 × 10⁻⁴.