Mind the trap - Non-negligible effect of volatile trapping in ice on C/O ratios in protoplanetary disks and exoplanetary atmospheres

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Table A.1

Volatile trapping experimental results

Molecule	$F_{H_{2} O}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}}\]$ (X)	Thickness (ML)	H₂O:X	Reference
CO	[0.41 − 0.64]	1000	[21 − 125]	(Kipfer et al. 2024a)
CO	0.23	1000	6	Gudipati et al. (2023), Rubin et al. (2023)
CO	[0.27 − 0.61]	[14 − 69]	[3 − 10]	Simon et al. (2023)
CO	[0.36 − 0.61]	[309 − 1396]	[6.7–11.5]	Martín-Doménech et al. (2014)^a
CO	[0.04 − 0.96]	[14 − 30]	[1–20]	Fayolle et al. (2011)
CO	0.21	105	20	Collings et al. (2004)^a
CO	0.07	≥1000	4.3	Kouchi & Yamamoto (1995), Rubin et al. (2023)

CO₂	0.55	1000	3	Gudipati et al. (2023), Rubin et al. (2023)
CO₂	[0.76 − 0.94]	[750 − 1396]	[5 − 10]	Martín-Doménech et al. (2014)^a
CO₂	[0.32 − 0.92]	[14 − 30]	[3 − 20]	Fayolle et al. (2011)
CO₂	0.34	105	20	Collings et al. (2004)^a
CO₂	0.20	≥1000	6.5	Kouchi & Yamamoto (1995), Rubin et al. (2023)

Molecule	$F_{{C O}_{2}}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{CO}_2}\]$ (CO)	Thickness (ML)	CO₂:CO	Reference
CO	[0.11–0.34]	1000	[2 − 28]	Kipfer et al. (2024a)
CO	0.07	≥1000	0.67	Gudipati et al. (2023), Rubin et al. (2023)
CO	[0.33 − 0.67]	[13 − 72]	[3 − 13]	Simon et al. (2023)
CO	[0.14 − 0.60]	[6 − 53]	[1 − 9]	Simon et al. (2019)
CO	0.17	1000	2	Kouchi & Yamamoto (1995), Rubin et al. (2023)

Notes. $F_{H_{2} O}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}}\]$ (x) indicates the fraction of CO or CO₂ trapped in water. $F_{{C O}_{2}}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{CO}_2}\]$ (CO) indicates the fraction of CO trapped in CO₂. The thickness is indicated in monolayers (ML), where 1 ML = 10¹⁵ molecules cm⁻². ^aTrapping fractions determined in this work.

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