Effect of the changing geometry (described by s(α, δ)) on the phase curve (traditionally g(γ) only). Over 400 days from JD 2 460 000 (same as Fig. 1), (22) Kalliope is seen from an aspect angle increasing from 4° (pole on) to 78° (close to the equator) owing to motion as seen from the Earth. The inset presents the successive ecliptic (x,y) positions of Kalliope, color-coded by epoch, in a reference frame centered on Earth (the pale blue dot). Three reference epochs are drawn on both graphs (a circle, a square, and a diamond). The orientation of the spin axis of Kalliope is drawn as arrows at these three epochs, and the line of sight is drawn for the second (square) epoch, illustrating the aspect angle, Λ.