Comparisons of the s index (a, d) and ALMA at 3.0 mm brightness temperature maps (b, e) at original (top row) and degraded (bottom row) resolution. The black and red boxes on these maps denote the chosen EN and QS regions respectively. The last column is a correlation contour plot between the s index and ALMA brightness temperature at 3.0 mm, with contours with linear fits (dashed lines) and means (circles) of the three cases: the whole simulation box in red, the QS box in green and the EN region box in blue. The red and green star data points are for the FAL C and VAL C 1D semi-empirical models and the black circle with error bars is an observational data point for G2V type star α Cen A. The 1D solar semiempirical data with respective filling factors using Severino et al. (1994) sunspot model and Fontenla et al. (2009) Plage model H along with VAL C data are represented by upwards facing triangles and downwards facing triangles.