Ionizing photon production efficiency as a function of the rest-frame Hα equivalent width. MACS1149-JD1 is represented by circles, and we distinguish between the values of the integrated galaxy (red) and the spatially resolved clumps N (green) and S (yellow). MACS1149-JD1 is compared with other samples of galaxies, including MIDIS Hα emitters at z ∼ 7−8 (Rinaldi et al. 2023); faint Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z ∼ 4−6 (Hashimoto et al. 2018; Lam et al. 2019; Maseda et al. 2020); and extreme emission line galaxies at 3 < z < 7 (Boyett et al. 2024b). The dashed line represents the log(ζ_ion)−EW₀ (Hα) relation for galaxies at redshifts three to seven from the JWST GLASS and UNCOVER surveys (Prieto-Lyon et al. 2023).