Table 1.
Symbolic regression results on the initial semi-major axis [au] and eccentricity and mean offsets between the S-star and the black hole.
| Equation | Complexity | Loss | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| y = 2.7747 | 1 | 1.9979 | 0.0 |
| y = 4.1060e | 3 | 0.75787 | 0.48467 |
| y = 4.0876 − 0.00023120a | 5 | 0.51127 | 0.19681 |
| y = e(5.1075−0.00023120a) | 7 | 0.25461 | 0.34859 |
| y = −0.00018446a + ln(e) + 4.3103 | 8 | 0.15075 | 0.52408 |
| y = −0.00016205a + e + ln(e) + 3.5003 | 10 | 0.12189 | 0.10626 |
| y = −0.00016753a + e + 0.88260ln(e) + 3.4742 | 12 | 0.11897 | 0.012141 |
Notes. Here, 
. The optimal equation is of complexity 8. The loss parameter is defined by the least-squares error, L(r) = |r|2, where r is the difference between the target and the prediction variables (Cranmer 2023). The score compares the loss to complexity; our model seeks the lowest loss at the lowest complexity.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.