Table 1.
NMs considered in this study.
| NM name | Latitude | Longitude | Alt. [m] | Pc [GV] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albuquerque | N 35.30° | W 106.24° | 1575 | 4.35 |
| USS Arneb( † ) | S 41.17° | E 174.47° | 0 | 3.66 |
| Berkeley | N 37.52° | W 122.18° | 100 | 4.48 |
| Chicago | N 41.50° | W 87.48° | 200 | 1.62 |
| Climax | N 39.22° | W 106.11° | 3400 | 2.97 |
| Durham | N 43.08° | W 70.56° | 0 | 1.28 |
| Göttingen | N 51.32° | E 9.56° | 273 | 2.91 |
| Huancayo | S 12.02° | W 75.20° | 3400 | 13.33 |
| Leeds | N 53.50° | W 1.30° | 150 | 2.04 |
| Mexico | N 19.20° | W 99.11° | 2274 | 9.42 |
| Norikura | N 36.06° | E 137.30° | 2840 | 11.25 |
| Ottawa | N 45.30° | W 75.36° | 101 | 0.92 |
| Sacramento Peak | N 32.43° | W 105.45° | 3000 | 4.96 |
| Stockholm | N 58.00° | E 18.04° | 48 | 1.36 |
| Weißenau | N 47.29° | E 9.18° | 445 | 3.04 |
Notes. Pc is an effective rigidity cutoff, calculated using the IGRF (Alken et al. 2021) and Tsyganenko-89 (Tsyganenko 1989) models for internal and external geomagnetosphere, respectively, using the OTSO package (Larsen et al. 2023) for the geomagnetic conditions during GLE #5. ( † )At Wellington Harbour, New Zealand.
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