CME cone model. Panel a shows the cone in the radial direction with an angular width of ϕ = 28°, while panel b represents the same cone inclined from the radial direction by an angle of β = 25.52°. Point C is the source region on the solar sphere, P is the top point of the cone central axis, O is the center of the Sun, and F is the orthogonal projection of the point P onto the solar sphere.