Simulation outputs at t = 1 Myr for runs with different fragmentation velocities υ_frag = 10, 3, and 1 m s⁻¹ (from left to right). The dust diffusivities are set to be 1⁻⁴ for all three runs. In the upper panels, the gray lines mark the drifting barrier, while the green lines mark the fragmentation barrier in each simulation. The orange contours represent the dust densities at each grain size. The lower panels display the radial profiles of gas (blue) and dust (orange) total column densities. In cases of high fragmentation velocity, particle size increases significantly at the ring location. Yet, for fragile dust (υ_frag = 1m s⁻¹), dust growth is limited by fragmentation throughout the entire disk, resulting in a smooth maximum grain size distribution.