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Fig. 9

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Time of the gap opening as a function of the central star mass for each of our simulations. As in Fig. 7, the colours represent the different evolutionary pathways, yellow being the classical inside-out evolution, orange the homogeneous evolution, red the revenant disc evolution, and violet the outside-in evolution. Small dots represent low-mass discs while mid-size and big dots represent intermediate and high-mass discs, respectively. As we can see here, it is mostly low-mass discs that open a gap in less than 1 Myr, stopping early the pebble flux from the outer parts.

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