Fig. 5

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Simulated outflows from the Neptune-sized planet HAT-P-11b, orbiting a star of type M1.5 V (left column), K1 V (middle column), and G2 V (right column) at orbital distances in the range 0.01–0.1 AU. The top, second, and third row shows the outflow temperature, velocity, and He I(23S) density profiles, respectively. The dashed vertical line shown for the M1.5 V case indicates the extent of the stellar radius (only for this spectral type can the planet atmosphere be more extended than the actual host star). The diamond symbols in the velocity profiles indicates where the outflow becomes supersonic. The bottom row shows the resulting He I(23 S) transmission probability.
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