NN on simulations: overview of mass estimation on eFEDS simulations using our ensemble of 30 convolutional neural networks trained with our likelihood loss from Eq. (1) (cf. Fig. 3 for the hyperparameters). Left: mass scatter between predicted mean masses and masses from the simulations on the training set. The colors indicate our predicted standard deviation. Middle: our mean mass predictions on the test set. Right top: distribution of our error . Right bottom: distribution of our error estimates, which show a mean uncertainty of 0.189 on the test set.