Evolution of ISM properties. Left: evolution of ƒ_gas as a function of z/cosmic age. Values of M_gas derived from M_dust, and CO J = 2→1 are shown as red and blue diamonds, respectively. Downward arrows denote upper limits. Solid colored lines correspond to empirical evolutionary trends derived in Scoville et al. (2017a), Tacconi et al. (2018), Liu et al. (2019), Magnelli et al. (2020). The dashed purple line shows the fit to the COSMOS Super Deblended catalog data, as described in Kokorev et al. (2021), with shaded purple region denoting the 16th and 84th percentile confidence intervals. Both the data and the derived relations have been re-scaled to ∆MS = 1 and M_* = 5 × 10¹⁰ M_⊙. White diamonds show median positions of the Horizon AGN star-forming galaxies at that redshift (Laigle et al. 2019), normalised in the same way as our data. Right: change in the distance to the main-sequence as a function of depletion time (τ). Labels and lines are the same as on the first panel.