Fig. 4

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Linear dispersion curves for KAWs propagating in the Venusian plasma for different values of solar wind electron temperature Tse and propagation angle. We show the effect of the solar wind electron temperature Tse, where Tse = 10 eV (orange), Tse = 15 eV (dashed mint green), Tse= 30 eV (dot-dashed pink). Other plasma parameters: nO0 = 40 cm−3, nH0 = 16 cm−3, nsp0 = nse0 = 17 cm−3, Te = 10 eV, θ = 85°, and B0 = 80 × 10−5 G. We also show the effect of angle, where θ = 85° (multicolored curves), θ = 80° (magenta curves), θ = 70° (blue curves), and θ = 60° (purple curves). We note that all solid curves are for Tse = 10 eV, dashed curves are for Tse = l5 eV, and dot-dashed curves are for Tse= 30 eV. Moreover, multicolored curves are used for θ = 85° to easily distinguish between the curves, which show only slight changes.
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