Radio continuum maps converted to star formation rate surface density (Σ_SFR). The scaling is logarithmic between 10⁻⁴ M_⊙ yr⁻¹ kpc⁻² and 3 × 10⁻¹ M_⊙ yr⁻¹ kpc⁻². In the top row are LOFAR LBA 54 MHz (panel a), LOFAR HBA 144 MHz (panel b), and WSRT 1365 MHz (panel c). In the bottom row are VLA+Effelsberg 4850 MHz (panel d), and 8350 MHz (panel e). In the bottom right (panel f), the hybrid Σ_SFR map is shown for comparison. The angular resolution is a 20 arcsec FWHM for all maps, except for LOFAR LBA, where it is 47 arcsec. The radio continuum maps appear to be the smoothed versions of the hybrid Σ_SFR map, as expected for CRE diffusion.