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Fig. 3

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Comparison of the midplane temperature calculated by RADMC-3D for the fiducial envelope-plus-disk model (left; solid orange and green lines), and the same calculated from viscous heating analytically (dashed lines) and found from passive heating from the protostar analytically (solid black line). Green shows dust with small κmm, and orange shows dust with large κmm. Radius at which the analytical midplane temperature from viscous heating equals that from passive heating, plotted against the mass accretion rate for the fiducial model and for the model with high mm opacity dust (right).

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