One-to-one comparison for observed sample stars with, S/N > 20 pix⁻¹, eVrad less than 1 km s⁻¹, no PECULI or TECH flags and within the training label range. Here, bias = mean(CNN-iDR6) and σ = std(CNN-iDR6). Top row: stars with Li measurements. Bottom row: stars with Li upper limit. Most of the stars in the observed sample with Li measurement have low S/N spectra, hence, the higher scatter for T_eff, log(g), and [Fe/H].