Optical and NIR images (left) and ¹²CO integrated intensity moment 0 maps (right) of Class II sources with known large-scale structures, as discussed in Sect. 2. Panel a: AB Aur’s DSS2 optical image and the PdBI ¹²CO (2–1) moment 0 map from Tang et al. (2012). Panel b: SU Aur’s Pan-STARRS optical image and the ALMA ¹²CO (3–2) moment 0 map from Ginski et al. (2021). Panel c: RU Lup’s DSS2 (red) optical image and the ALMA ¹²CO (2–1) moment 0 map from Huang et al. (2020). Panel d: GM Aur’s HST (NICMOS) NIR image and the ALMA ¹²CO (2–1) moment 0 map from Huang et al. (2021). Panel e: DO Tau’s Pan-STARRS optical image and ALMA ¹²CO (2–1) moment 0 map from Huang et al. (2022). Angular resolutions for the moment 0 maps are roughly 0.5″, 0.3″, 0.3″, 0.2″, and 0.7″ for panels a to e, respectively.