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Table A.1.

Median S-index measured for different categories of red giants.

Group Median SCaII
Red giants from Gaulme et al. (2020)

Inactive 0.133
Low S/N spots 0.161
Clear spots 0.175

Gaia DR3 binaries

All binaries 0.154
Wide binaries 0.149
Close binaries 0.165
Non-osc. & spin-orbit res. 0.410

Post mass-transfer candidates

Control sample 0.125
Post-mass transfer candidates 0.145
Merger remnant candidates 0.134

Notes. Block 1: Red giants from Gaulme et al. (2020). Inactive stars present no evidence for rotational modulation in the light curve, while stars with low-S/N spots and clear spots exhibit rotational modulation, and have a measurement of their rotation period. Block 2: Red giants from Gaulme et al. (2020) that are identified as binaries by Gaia DR3. Wide binaries have an orbital period Porb > 150 days, while close binaries have Porb ≤ 150 days. Non-oscillating stars are in a close binary system that is tidally locked or in spin-orbit resonance, with clear rotational modulation and a measured rotation period. Block 3: Post-mass-transfer red giant candidates of Deheuvels et al. (2022) and Rui & Fuller (2021). The control sample of Deheuvels et al. (2022) is composed of RGB stars with no evidence for a mass gain, i.e. low-mass red giants with a degenerate core and intermediate-mass red giants with a nondegenerate core.

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