Fig. 1
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Disk accretion rate Ṁdisk with respect to the simulation time t in years starting from t0 = 1 Myr. The red, black, blue lines correspond to a constant α value of 0.01, 0.005 and 0.0025, respectively. The yellow line corresponds to a layered disk model (Gammie 1996) with αMRI = 0.02 and αDZ = 0.0004 (similar to Steiner et al. 2021).
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