Fig. 3

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Planet mass over time. The vertical lines are drawn at 0.35 Myr, 1 Myr, and 3.5 Myr and show the moments at which most currently active planets are accreted by the host star or were subject to mergers. The vertical steps are caused by giant impacts that result in planet mergers. The large circle markers indicate planets that remain active until the end of the simulation. Planets that were accreted by the host star are shown as triangles and planets that merged via collisions with other planets are indicated as squares. The track of the planets is shown as the solid grey line for active planets and dotted grey lines for accreted or merged planets. The color of the final marker indicates the pebble mass fraction of the corresponding planet.
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